Capitals are cities that serve as the seat of government for a country or region. They often host important government buildings, such as the parliament and the presidential palace, and are typically where the official functions of the state are carried out. Capitals can vary greatly in size and significance, with some like Tokyo and Washington, D.C. being major global cities, while others may be smaller and less well-known. The choice of a capital city can reflect historical, political, or geographical considerations. For instance, Canberra was selected as Australia's capital to resolve a rivalry between Sydney and Melbourne. Capitals often symbolize national identity and unity, making them focal points for cultural and political activities.