Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a legal process where a person is sentenced to death by the state as a punishment for a crime. This form of punishment is typically reserved for the most serious offenses, such as murder or acts of terrorism. The methods of execution can vary and may include lethal injection, electrocution, or firing squad. The use of capital punishment is a controversial topic, with supporters arguing that it serves as a deterrent to crime and provides justice for victims. Opponents, however, raise concerns about its morality, the potential for wrongful convictions, and its effectiveness in reducing crime rates. Countries like the United States and China have differing views and practices regarding capital punishment.