Canadian politics operates within a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy. The country is divided into ten provinces and three territories, each with its own government. The federal government, led by the Prime Minister, is responsible for national issues, while provincial governments handle local matters. The political landscape is dominated by several major parties, including the Liberal Party, Conservative Party, and New Democratic Party (NDP). Elections are held every four years, and citizens have the right to vote. The House of Commons and the Senate are the two chambers of Parliament, where laws are debated and passed.