Campbellism refers to the religious movement founded by Thomas Campbell and his son Alexander Campbell in the early 19th century. It emerged as a response to the divisions within Christianity, advocating for a return to the teachings of the New Testament and promoting unity among believers. The movement emphasized the importance of baptism and the Lord's Supper as central practices. The followers of Campbellism sought to restore the original Christian church, rejecting denominational labels and creeds. This led to the formation of the Disciples of Christ and the Churches of Christ, which continue to exist today, focusing on scripture-based teachings and community.