The Byzantine economy was characterized by a mix of agriculture, trade, and craftsmanship. The empire's fertile lands produced grains, olives, and wine, which were essential for local consumption and export. Urban centers, such as Constantinople, became bustling trade hubs, connecting Europe and Asia through major trade routes. The Byzantine government played a significant role in the economy by regulating trade and controlling prices. The use of a stable currency, the solidus, facilitated commerce. Additionally, the empire's strategic location allowed it to benefit from trade with neighboring regions, enhancing its wealth and influence throughout the medieval period.