The Bundesverfassungsgericht, or Federal Constitutional Court, is Germany's highest court for constitutional matters. Established in 1951, it ensures that laws and government actions comply with the Grundgesetz, Germany's Basic Law. The court plays a crucial role in protecting fundamental rights and maintaining the rule of law in the country. Located in Karlsruhe, the court consists of two senates, each with eight judges. These judges are appointed for a term of 12 years and cannot be re-elected, ensuring their independence. The Bundesverfassungsgericht also has the authority to review laws and can declare them unconstitutional if they violate the Basic Law.