A bruise, also known as a contusion, occurs when small blood vessels under the skin break due to an impact or injury. This causes blood to leak into the surrounding tissue, resulting in a discoloration that can range from red to purple, blue, or yellow as it heals. Bruises can vary in size and may be tender to the touch. Most bruises heal on their own within a few days to weeks. To help reduce pain and swelling, applying ice and elevating the affected area can be beneficial. If a bruise is unusually large or painful, or if it appears without any known cause, it may be advisable to consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.