The Brahmo Samaj is a reformist religious and social movement founded in India in 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. It aimed to promote monotheism and reject idol worship, emphasizing rational thought and social reform. The movement sought to address social issues such as caste discrimination and the status of women, advocating for education and equality. Brahmo Samaj played a significant role in the Bengal Renaissance, influencing various aspects of Indian society, including literature and politics. It encouraged a modern interpretation of Hinduism and inspired other reform movements, contributing to the broader struggle for social justice and national identity in India.