Boreal forests, also known as taiga, are vast forests found in the northern regions of the world, primarily in Canada, Alaska, Russia, and Scandinavia. These forests are characterized by their cold climates, long winters, and short summers. The dominant trees in boreal forests are conifers, such as spruce, fir, and pine, which are well-adapted to the harsh conditions. These forests play a crucial role in the global ecosystem by acting as significant carbon sinks, helping to regulate the Earth's climate. Boreal forests also provide habitat for diverse wildlife, including animals like moose, wolves, and bears, and are important for indigenous communities who rely on them for resources and cultural practices.