The Boolean Satisfiability Problem (often abbreviated as SAT) is a fundamental problem in computer science and mathematical logic. It involves determining if there exists an assignment of truth values (true or false) to variables in a Boolean formula that makes the entire formula true. This problem is crucial in various fields, including computer science, artificial intelligence, and operations research. SAT is the first problem that was proven to be NP-complete, meaning that if a fast solution exists for SAT, it could lead to efficient solutions for many other complex problems. Researchers use various algorithms and techniques, such as backtracking and local search, to tackle SAT instances in practical applications like circuit design and software verification.