The Bombing of Gernika occurred on April 26, 1937, during the Spanish Civil War. The town, located in the Basque Country, was targeted by German and Italian air forces supporting the Nationalist forces led by Francisco Franco. The attack aimed to demoralize the Republican side and destroy the town's infrastructure. The bombing resulted in significant destruction and loss of life, with estimates of civilian casualties ranging from 200 to 1,600. The event became a symbol of the horrors of war and inspired Pablo Picasso to create his famous painting, Guernica, which depicts the suffering caused by the attack.