Block caving is a mining technique used to extract minerals from underground deposits. It involves creating a series of tunnels and then allowing the rock above to collapse under its own weight. This method is often used for large, low-grade ore bodies, making it cost-effective and efficient. Once the rock collapses, it creates a rubble pile that can be easily accessed and transported for processing. Block caving is commonly used for minerals like copper and gold, and it minimizes the need for drilling and blasting, reducing environmental impact and improving safety in mining operations.