A birth defect is a health condition that occurs when a baby is developing in the womb. These defects can affect how the body looks, works, or both. They can be caused by genetic factors, environmental influences, or a combination of both. Some common types of birth defects include heart defects, cleft lip or palate, and spina bifida. Birth defects can vary in severity, with some requiring medical treatment or surgery, while others may not need any intervention. Early diagnosis and care can help manage the effects of these conditions. Awareness and education about genetic counseling and prenatal care can also play a crucial role in prevention.