Bernardo Provenzano was an Italian mobster and a prominent leader of the Cosa Nostra, the Sicilian Mafia. Born on January 31, 1933, in Corleone, Sicily, he became known for his strategic and low-profile approach to organized crime. Provenzano rose to power in the 1990s after the arrest of his predecessor, Salvatore Riina, and was involved in various criminal activities, including drug trafficking and extortion. Provenzano was notorious for his use of coded messages and a focus on maintaining a low profile to avoid law enforcement. He evaded capture for over four decades until his arrest in 2006. His leadership marked a shift in the Mafia's operations, emphasizing secrecy and stability over violence.