Bernard M. Baruch was an American financier, stock market speculator, and philanthropist born on August 19, 1870. He gained prominence in the early 20th century for his successful investments and was known for his keen insights into the stock market. Baruch also served as an advisor to several U.S. presidents, including Woodrow Wilson and Franklin D. Roosevelt, particularly during times of economic crisis. In addition to his financial career, Baruch played a significant role in public service. He was appointed to lead the War Industries Board during World War I, helping to coordinate the production of war materials. Later, he was involved in the establishment of the United Nations and advocated for international cooperation and peace.