The Battle of Garigliano took place on December 29, 1503, during the Italian Wars. It was fought between the forces of the Kingdom of Spain, led by Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba, and the French army, commanded by Louis d'Armagnac. This battle was significant as it marked the end of French attempts to control southern Italy. The Spanish forces achieved a decisive victory, which solidified their dominance in the region. Following this battle, the Spanish established control over the Kingdom of Naples, further expanding their influence in Italy. The outcome of the battle had lasting effects on the political landscape of the Italian peninsula.