Base 4, also known as quaternary, is a numeral system that uses four digits: 0, 1, 2, and 3. Each digit's position represents a power of 4, similar to how base 10 uses powers of 10. For example, the number 132 in base 4 represents 1 \times 4^2 + 3 \times 4^1 + 2 \times 4^0, which equals 22 in base 10. Base 4 is often used in computer science and mathematics for various applications, including coding theory and digital systems. It can simplify certain calculations and data representations, making it easier to work with than higher base systems like Base 16 or Base 64.