The Baronial Revolt refers to a series of conflicts in England during the 13th century, primarily between the monarchy and the barons. It was largely driven by discontent over King Henry III's rule, particularly his heavy taxation and favoritism towards foreign advisors. The revolt culminated in the Second Barons' War (1264-1267), where barons sought to limit the king's power and establish a more representative form of governance. Key figures in the revolt included Simon de Montfort, a prominent baron who led the opposition against the king. The conflict resulted in significant political changes, including the establishment of the Model Parliament in 1295, which laid the groundwork for future parliamentary systems in England.