Balkan Nationalism refers to the political and cultural movements in the Balkans aimed at promoting the interests and identity of various ethnic groups. This nationalism emerged in the 19th century as different nations sought independence from larger empires, such as the Ottoman Empire and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It often involved a strong emphasis on language, culture, and historical narratives unique to each group. The rise of Balkan Nationalism led to significant conflicts, including the Balkan Wars in the early 20th century, as nations fought for territory and self-determination. This nationalism has continued to influence the region, contributing to tensions and conflicts, particularly during the Yugoslav Wars in the 1990s.