Bacterial meningitis is a serious infection that affects the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known as the meninges. It is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and reaching the central nervous system. Symptoms often include fever, headache, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light. If not treated quickly, it can lead to severe complications, including brain damage or even death. Vaccines are available to help prevent some types of bacterial meningitis, such as those caused by Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Early diagnosis and treatment with antibiotics are crucial for recovery. If you suspect someone has meningitis, seek medical help immediately.