BRCA testing is a genetic test that checks for mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. These genes help repair damaged DNA, and mutations can increase the risk of certain cancers, particularly breast and ovarian cancer. Individuals with a family history of these cancers may consider testing to understand their risk. The test involves a simple blood or saliva sample, which is then analyzed in a laboratory. If a mutation is found, individuals can discuss preventive measures with their healthcare provider, such as increased screening or preventive surgeries, to manage their cancer risk effectively.