Azospirillum is a genus of bacteria that plays a crucial role in promoting plant growth. These bacteria are often found in the rhizosphere, the region of soil surrounding plant roots. They can fix atmospheric nitrogen, converting it into a form that plants can use, which enhances soil fertility and supports healthy plant development. These beneficial bacteria form a symbiotic relationship with various crops, including wheat, maize, and rice. By colonizing the roots, Azospirillum helps improve nutrient uptake and water efficiency, leading to increased crop yields. Their use in agriculture is gaining popularity as a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers.