Azerbaijan and Armenia are two neighboring countries in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia. They share a complex history, particularly over the disputed territory of Nagorno-Karabakh, which is predominantly populated by ethnic Armenians but is internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan. This territorial dispute has led to several conflicts, most notably in the early 1990s and again in 2020. Both countries gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. Azerbaijan is rich in oil and gas resources, while Armenia has a more agrarian economy. Despite their differences, both nations are working towards stability and peace in the region, often with the help of international mediators.