Avifauna refers to the bird species that inhabit a specific region or environment. It encompasses all the birds found in a particular area, including their diversity, distribution, and ecological roles. Studying avifauna helps scientists understand the health of ecosystems and the impact of environmental changes. The term is often used in ecological and conservation contexts to assess bird populations and their habitats. Factors such as climate, vegetation, and human activity can significantly influence avifauna. Conservation efforts aim to protect threatened species and their habitats, ensuring the survival of diverse bird populations in ecosystems like forests, wetlands, and grasslands.