Avenzoar, also known as Ibn Zuhr, was a prominent 12th-century physician and philosopher from Al-Andalus, which is present-day Spain. He is best known for his contributions to medicine, particularly in the fields of surgery and pharmacology. Avenzoar's works emphasized the importance of clinical observation and practical experience in medical practice. His most notable text, "Kitab al-Taisir," served as a comprehensive medical guide that influenced both Islamic and European medicine. Avenzoar's ideas laid the groundwork for later scholars, including Averroes and Avicenna, and he is often regarded as a key figure in the development of medical science during the Middle Ages.