The Augustan Dynasty refers to the first imperial family of Rome, established by Augustus, the first Roman emperor. Augustus, originally known as Gaius Octavius, ruled from 27 BCE until his death in 14 CE. His reign marked the transition from the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire, bringing stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana. The dynasty continued with Augustus's successors, including his stepson Tiberius, and later emperors like Caligula, Claudius, and Nero. This period was characterized by significant cultural and architectural achievements, as well as political challenges, ultimately leading to the decline of the dynasty by the end of the first century CE.