Attalus II was a king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Pergamon, ruling from 159 to 138 BCE. He was known for his diplomatic skills and efforts to strengthen his kingdom, particularly through alliances with other Hellenistic states. Attalus II was also a patron of the arts and culture, contributing to the development of Pergamon as a center of learning and creativity. During his reign, Attalus II faced challenges from rival powers, including Mithridates VI of Pontus. He successfully defended his kingdom and maintained its independence, ensuring that Pergamon remained a significant player in the political landscape of the time. His legacy continued through his descendants, who further expanded the influence of the kingdom.