The Atkins diet is a low-carbohydrate eating plan designed to promote weight loss and improve health. It emphasizes reducing carbohydrate intake while increasing protein and fat consumption. The diet is divided into four phases, starting with a strict limit on carbs and gradually reintroducing them to find a personal balance. This diet encourages foods like meat, fish, eggs, and non-starchy vegetables while limiting sugars and grains. Proponents claim it can lead to weight loss and better blood sugar control, but critics warn about potential health risks associated with high fat and protein intake.