The Athenian institutions were the political and social structures that governed ancient Athens. Central to these institutions was the Assembly, where citizens gathered to discuss and vote on important issues. This direct form of democracy allowed male citizens to participate in decision-making, shaping laws and policies. Another key institution was the Council of Five Hundred, which prepared the agenda for the Assembly. Members, chosen by lot, represented different tribes of Athens and ensured that various perspectives were considered. These institutions laid the foundation for democratic governance and civic engagement in ancient Greece.