Arterial diseases refer to conditions that affect the arteries, which are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Common types include atherosclerosis, where fatty deposits build up in the artery walls, narrowing them and reducing blood flow. This can lead to serious health issues, such as heart attacks and strokes. Other arterial diseases include peripheral artery disease (PAD), which affects blood flow to the limbs, and aneurysms, where weakened artery walls bulge and can potentially rupture. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent complications and maintain overall cardiovascular health.