Arterial compliance refers to the ability of blood vessels, particularly arteries, to expand and contract in response to changes in blood pressure. When the heart pumps blood, arteries stretch to accommodate the surge of blood. This elasticity helps maintain steady blood flow and reduces the workload on the heart. As people age or develop conditions like atherosclerosis, arterial compliance can decrease, making arteries stiffer. Reduced compliance can lead to higher blood pressure and increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Maintaining healthy arteries through lifestyle choices, such as regular exercise and a balanced diet, is essential for overall heart health.