Array Theory is a branch of mathematics and computer science that focuses on the arrangement and manipulation of data in structured formats called arrays. An array is a collection of items, typically of the same type, organized in a specific order. This organization allows for efficient data access and processing, making arrays fundamental in programming and algorithm design. In Array Theory, operations such as searching, sorting, and modifying elements are studied to optimize performance. Concepts like multidimensional arrays, which extend the idea of one-dimensional arrays into higher dimensions, are also explored. These principles are essential in various applications, including data analysis, image processing, and machine learning.