Archaeological excavation is the systematic process of uncovering and studying artifacts, structures, and other physical remains from past human activities. This method helps archaeologists learn about ancient cultures, societies, and their ways of life. Excavations often take place at historical sites, where layers of soil can reveal different time periods. During an excavation, archaeologists carefully dig and document their findings, ensuring that the context of each item is preserved. Tools like trowels and brushes are commonly used to remove dirt without damaging artifacts. Excavation sites can include locations like ancient cities, burial grounds, or even shipwrecks, providing valuable insights into history.