Arboviral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain caused by viruses transmitted through arthropods, such as mosquitoes and ticks. Common types include West Nile virus, Eastern equine encephalitis, and Japanese encephalitis. Symptoms can range from mild flu-like signs to severe neurological issues, including confusion, seizures, and coma. Diagnosis typically involves clinical evaluation and laboratory tests, including blood and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Prevention focuses on reducing exposure to mosquitoes and ticks through protective clothing, insect repellent, and eliminating standing water where these insects breed. Vaccines are available for some types, like Japanese encephalitis.