The Arab Republic of Egypt is a country located in northeastern Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the east. It is known for its rich history, including ancient civilizations such as the Pharaohs and the construction of the Pyramids of Giza. The capital city is Cairo, which is one of the largest cities in Africa. Egypt has a diverse culture influenced by its long history and various civilizations. The official language is Arabic, and the majority of the population practices Islam. The economy is primarily based on agriculture, tourism, and natural resources, including oil and gas.