Appeasement is a diplomatic strategy aimed at avoiding conflict by making concessions to an aggressive power. This approach is often used to maintain peace, but it can sometimes encourage further aggression if the demands of the aggressor are not met. A historical example of appeasement is the policy adopted by European leaders towards Adolf Hitler in the 1930s, where they allowed him to annex certain territories in hopes of preventing a larger war. The most notable instance of appeasement occurred during the Munich Agreement of 1938, when Britain and France permitted Nazi Germany to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. This decision was made in the belief that satisfying Hitler's territorial ambitions would secure peace in Europe. However, it ultimately failed, leading to the outbreak of World War II.