Antimycobacterial agents are medications specifically designed to treat infections caused by Mycobacterium species, including the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis and leprosy. These drugs work by targeting the unique cell wall structure and metabolic processes of mycobacteria, helping to inhibit their growth and replication. Common classes of antimycobacterial drugs include rifamycins, isoniazid, and ethambutol. Treatment often requires a combination of these medications to prevent resistance and ensure effective eradication of the infection. Proper adherence to prescribed regimens is crucial for successful outcomes in managing mycobacterial diseases.