Ethambutol is an antibiotic primarily used to treat tuberculosis (TB). It works by inhibiting the growth of the bacteria that cause TB, helping to reduce the infection in the body. Ethambutol is often part of a combination therapy, meaning it is used alongside other medications to enhance effectiveness and prevent resistance. Patients taking ethambutol may experience side effects, including vision changes or allergic reactions. Regular eye exams are recommended during treatment to monitor for potential issues. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and duration to ensure successful treatment of the infection.