Ancient Italy was home to several important civilizations, most notably the Romans, who established one of the largest empires in history. The region was characterized by diverse cultures, including the Etruscans and Greeks, who influenced Roman art, architecture, and governance. The landscape of Ancient Italy included fertile plains, mountains, and coastlines, which supported agriculture and trade. Key cities like Rome, Pompeii, and Florence played significant roles in politics, culture, and economy, contributing to the rich history that shaped modern Italy.