Analytical instrumentation refers to a range of tools and devices used to analyze the composition and properties of materials. These instruments help scientists and researchers identify chemical substances, measure physical properties, and assess the quality of products in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and environmental science. Common types of analytical instruments include spectrometers, chromatographs, and mass spectrometers. Each of these tools operates on different principles to provide detailed information about samples, enabling accurate data collection and analysis. This information is crucial for applications such as quality control, research and development, and regulatory compliance.