The Amarna Letters are a collection of ancient diplomatic correspondence written in cuneiform script on clay tablets. They date back to the 14th century BCE and were discovered in the city of Amarna, Egypt. These letters primarily involve communication between the Egyptian pharaohs and various rulers in the ancient Near East, including those from Babylon, Assyria, and the Hittite Empire. The letters provide valuable insights into the political landscape of the time, revealing alliances, conflicts, and trade relations. They also highlight the role of Egypt as a major power in the region and showcase the complexities of international diplomacy during the New Kingdom period.