Alternative explanations refer to different interpretations or reasons that can account for a particular observation or phenomenon. In scientific research, when a study finds a result, it is essential to consider other possible factors that could lead to the same outcome. This helps ensure that conclusions are robust and not based on a single perspective. For example, if a study shows that exercise improves mood, an alternative explanation might be that participants who exercised also had better sleep quality, which contributed to their improved mood. Evaluating these alternatives is crucial for understanding the true nature of the relationship between variables.