Alkaline substances, also known as bases, are compounds that can accept protons or donate electron pairs in chemical reactions. They typically have a pH greater than 7, which means they are less acidic. Common examples include sodium hydroxide and potassium carbonate. Alkaline substances are often found in cleaning products and can neutralize acids. These substances play a crucial role in various industries, including agriculture and manufacturing. In agriculture, alkaline materials like lime are used to improve soil quality. In manufacturing, they are essential in processes such as soap making and water treatment, helping to balance pH levels and enhance product effectiveness.