Ahmed Gragn, also known as Ahmed ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi, was a 16th-century military leader from the Adal Sultanate in the Horn of Africa. He is best known for his campaigns against the Ethiopian Empire, where he sought to expand his territory and spread Islam. His military strategies and use of gunpowder weapons were significant during this period. Gragn's most notable conflict was the Ethiopian-Adal War, which began in 1529. He achieved several victories, capturing key cities and territories. However, his campaigns ultimately led to a coalition of Ethiopian forces, including the famous leader Emperor Menas, which contributed to his eventual defeat in 1543.