Agriculture in Ancient Rome was vital to the economy and daily life. The Romans cultivated various crops, including wheat, barley, grapes, and olives. They used advanced farming techniques, such as crop rotation and irrigation, to improve yields. Large estates, known as latifundia, were common and often worked by slaves. Livestock farming also played a significant role, with cattle, sheep, and pigs being raised for food and labor. The agricultural surplus supported the growing population of cities like Rome and facilitated trade throughout the Roman Empire. This agricultural foundation helped sustain Roman society for centuries.