The ancient Romans developed advanced farming techniques that significantly improved agricultural productivity. They utilized crop rotation, which involved alternating different crops in the same field to maintain soil fertility. Additionally, they employed the use of manure as fertilizer, enhancing soil nutrients and promoting healthier plant growth. Irrigation was another key aspect of Roman farming. They constructed aqueducts to transport water from distant sources to their fields, ensuring a reliable water supply. The Romans also used tools like the plow and sickle to increase efficiency in planting and harvesting, contributing to the overall success of their agricultural practices.