African Sleeping Sickness, also known as trypanosomiasis, is a disease caused by the Trypanosoma parasite, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected tsetse flies. The disease primarily affects people in sub-Saharan Africa and can lead to severe health complications if left untreated. There are two forms of the disease: Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, which causes a chronic infection, and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, which leads to an acute form. Symptoms include fever, headaches, joint pain, and, in later stages, neurological issues such as confusion and sleep disturbances. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for recovery.