Afghan politics has been shaped by decades of conflict, foreign intervention, and ethnic diversity. The country has experienced various forms of governance, including monarchy, communist rule, and a democratic system established after the fall of the Taliban in 2001. The political landscape is often influenced by tribal affiliations and regional power dynamics, making consensus-building challenging. Since the Taliban regained control in August 2021, the political situation has shifted dramatically. The group has sought to establish a government based on their interpretation of Islamic law, leading to concerns about human rights and governance. International recognition and aid remain uncertain as the Taliban navigates its role on the global stage.