Adverse Childhood Experiences, or ACEs, refer to traumatic events that occur during childhood, typically before the age of 18. These experiences can include physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, such as domestic violence or substance abuse. Research shows that ACEs can have lasting effects on a child's physical and mental health, influencing their development and well-being. The ACE study, conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Kaiser Permanente, highlights the correlation between these experiences and various health issues later in life. Individuals with higher ACE scores are at greater risk for conditions like depression, heart disease, and substance abuse, emphasizing the importance of early intervention and support.