The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal glands, which are located on top of each kidney. It plays a crucial role in the body's response to stress by producing hormones such as epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline). These hormones help regulate heart rate, blood pressure, and energy levels during stressful situations. The adrenal medulla is part of the endocrine system and works alongside the adrenal cortex, the outer layer of the adrenal glands. Together, they help maintain homeostasis and respond to various physiological demands. The adrenal medulla is activated during the "fight or flight" response, preparing the body for quick action.